CIPT (Certified Information Privacy Technologist) Practice

SAML and P3P are also XML-based languages, but they do not specifically focus on privacy preferences. SAML is primarily used for authentication and authorization in web-based applications, while P3P is used for expressing website privacy policies. EPAL is not an XML-based language, but rather a modeling language for electronic institutions. Therefore, option B, APPEL, is the only correct answer as it is an XML-based language specifically designed for expressing privacy preferences.